CONDITIONAL IF AND WISH

Nur Azizah Latifah 16613600 4SA02

Nur Azizah Latifah 16613600 4SA02

CONDITIONAL IF AND WISH

                               I.            Real conditions in the past or future

Conditional sentence (if...) is occur when the real conditional (the result clause)  did not happen or not fulfilled. If states the conditional and the main clause states the real situation or result.

Rules :

a.       Real conditions express situation that can happen in the future or present. It can be facts, habitual actions, general knowledge, predictions, advice, instruction.

b.      Real conditions factual use simple present tense and the main clause (result) also use simple present tense.

c.       Real conditions for real future possibility use simple present tense of the verb if clause + modal/modal phrase.

For example :

                                                        i.            If I read book, I get knowledge (fact)                       Simple Present

                                                      ii.            If the weather is good, we will go camping (prediction)              Simple Present, Future Tense

                                                    iii.            If you want to be success, you should work hard (suggestion)            Simple Present, Modal Verb

                                                    iv.            If it rains, do not open the door (instruction)                         Simple Present, Imperative

Exercise I : fill in the blank with the correct answer !

1.      If you lie, you.........punishment (get, got, will gotten)

2.      If mother talks to you, you......listen (will, should, be)

3.      If it rains, I .......take an umberella (will, want, should)

4.      If I have time, I ....come to your party with my family (would, should, will)

5.      If I have a job, I .....work hard (could, should,shall)

                            II.            Unreal conditions in the present or future

This type express untrue condition or not possible, or imaginary in the present or future that probably can not happen. Although the condition could possibly happen in the future but the fact is it will not happen.

Rules :

a.       Unreal conditions in the present or future use simple past form in the if clause and use modals would, might, could in main clause or result.

b.      Either clause, or both, can be made negative.

For example :

                                i.            If I had money, I would buy a car (the fact that I do not have any money (past))            Past, Modals+Verb

                              ii.            If I were you, I would not go (the fact is i’m not you(present))           Past, Modals+Verb

                            iii.            if there is an earthquake hit the town, it would destroy everything ( the earthquake probably not hit the town (future))       Simple past, Modals Verb

Exercise II : fill in the blanks and choose the best answer! (write the fact situation)

1.      If they had car, we .......go on vacation (would,shall,can)

2.      If the teacher gave a task, we ....... cancel our meeting (should, shall, can)

3.      If I were you, I.....take a job in toronto (would, might, can)

4.      You.......regret, if you saw the film (could, should, shall)

5.      They...... get angry, if you did not come (will,would,shall)

                         III.            Unreal condition in the past

Rules :

1. Unreal conditions in the past express situations that did not happen. Consequently, it is impossible for the results of the situations to happen. Unreal conditions in the past are often used to express a regret about the situation.

2. Unreal conditions in the past use the past perfect form in the if clause and would have, could have, or might have plus the past participle of the verb in the result clause.

           For example :

                                                                    i.            I could have gotten the job, if I sent my email early.

                                                                  ii.            If they had not known my profile, they would have not attended to seminar.

                                                                iii.            If you had not read the novel, you would not have a good score.

Conditional WISH

Wishes in the Present, Future, or Past Using the verb wish plus a clause about the wish is a very common construction in English, especially in spoken language. The verb after wish is one tense before the actual time. In other words, if you want to wish for the present time, use past tense. If you want to wish for the past time, use past perfect tense. If you want to wish for the future time, use would.

For example :

1.      I wish I got your number (I do not have his number)            Subject+wish+Past tense

2.      I wish you were teaching me how to driving (you are not teaching me)          wish+be+verb(ing)

3.      He wishes she would let him have a week off.                            wish + subject + would/could + base form of verb

Reference : Clear Grammar 4, 2nd edition: Keys to Advanced ESL Grammar Keith S. Folse, Deborah Mitchell, Barbara Smith-Palinkas, and Donna Tortorella http://www.press.umich.edu/273343/clear_grammar_4_2nd_edition Michigan ELT, 2013