Yes-No Questions
Formulas :
A yes-no question is
an interrogative constructions. that expects an answer of "yes"
or "no." In yes-no questions, an auxiliary
verb typically appears in front of the subject.
Three Varieties of Yes-No Question
Inversion
inversion with alternative
-Are you leaving? Are
you leaving or staying?
The inverted question merely inverts
the subject and the first verb of the verb
phrase of the corresponding statement pattern when that verb is either
a modal or an auxiliary verb or the verb beand
sometimes have. The question itself may be positive or negative:
She is leaving on Wednesday.
Is she leaving on Wednesday?
Is she leaving on Wednesday?
. . . A positive question appears to be neutral as to
the expected response--yes or no. However, a negative
question seems to hold out the distinct possibility of a negative response.
Are you going?
Yes/No.
Aren't you going? No.
Aren't you going? No.
(Ronald Wardhaugh, Understanding English
Grammar: A Linguistic Approach. Wiley-Blackwell, 2003)
The yes-no question is found in
three varieties: the inverted question, the typical exemplar of this kind; the
inverted question offering an alternative (which may require more than a
simple yes or no for an answer); and
the tag question (details definition will explained next)
Wh-Questions
Who (Person)
What ( Things)
Where (Place)
Why (Reason)
When (Time)
How (Process)
Which Choose
If there is
a auxiliary verb that precedes the main verb ( for example: can, is, are, was,
were, will, would...), add the question word and invert the subject and the
helping (auxiliary) verb.
He will go
to China. — Where will he go?
If you ask about the predicate and there is
no helping (auxiliary) verb and the verb is "to be", simply add the
question verb and invert the subject and the verb.
The book is boring . — How was the book?
If there is no helping (auxiliary) verb in
the the predicate and the main verb is not "to be", add the auxiliary
"do" in the appropriate form.
He lives here .
— Where does he
live?
Tag Question
Tag
Question is used frequently in spoken English when you want someone to agree or
disagree.
· positive
statement → question tag negative → You are teacher, Aren’t you?
· negative
statement → question tag positive → He is not teacher, is he?
Possible
answers are Yes or No. If you use Yes, do not use contracted forms. If you use No, contracted form are possible.
· Yes, he is.
· No, he is not. or No, he isn't. or No, he's not.
Special points
Tag Question use Auxiliary
You've got the money, haven't you?
without auxiliaries (don't, doesn't, didn't)
· They sent a letter, don’t they?
Questions
tags are used to keep a conversation going. You can agree or refuse to a
sentence with a question tag. Although the negative word not is not
in the sentence, the sentence can be negative. Then we use the positive question
tag.
· He never take you out, doesn’t he?
If have is a
main verb in the sentence and refers to states, there are two possible
sentences – We have a car, _____?
· We have a car, haven't we? mostly British English
· We have a car, don't we? mostly American English
Use will/would with
imperatives (Simple Present).
· Turn
off the TV, will you?
· Turn
off the TV, would you?
We use won't with a polite
request.
· Turn
off the TV, won't you?
We use shall after Let's.
· Let's
take the next bus, shall we?
Auxiliary must
We must be at home at 8 pm, mustn't we?
· Yes, we must.
· No, we needn't.
Personal pronoun I
I am late, aren't I?
This
form is commonly used (mostly informal). It is because there is no contracted
form for am + not (amn't). Grammatically correct would be: am I not. This is
only used in formal situations.
Rhetorical
Question Definition
A
rhetorical question is asked just for effect or to lay emphasis on some point
discussed when no real answer is expected. A rhetorical question may have an
obvious answer but the questioner asks rhetorical questions to lay emphasis to
the point. In literature, a rhetorical question is self-evident and used for style as
an impressive persuasive device.
Common Rhetorical Question Examples
Rhetorical questions, though almost needless or
meaningless, seem a basic need of daily language. Some common examples of
rhetorical questions from daily life are as follows.
·
“Who knows?”
·
“Are you stupid?”
·
“Did you hear me?”
·
“Ok?”
·
“Why not?”
Mostly, it is easy to spot a rhetorical question because of
its position in the sentence. It occurs immediately after the comment made and
states the opposite of it. The idea again is to make a point more prominent.
Some rhetorical question examples are as follows. Keep in mind that they are
also called tag questions if used in everyday conversation.
·
“It’s too hot today. Isn’t it?”
·
“The actors played the roles well. Didn’t they?”
Hypothetical questions
A question based on certain proven or assumed facts, and
formulated to arrive at a generalized answer applicable in most such
situations in the absence of dependable data.
A
collection of hypothetical questions
If you had
only 24 hours left to live, what would you do?
If you need
a ride at 3:00 in the morning who would you call?
If you
needed a Kidney, who do you think would be willing to donate one to you?
A leading question
A leading question is
one that suggests an answer, that implies that there is a proper answer. The
term comes from law, where the courts insist that questions that suggest
answers are not asked because they restrict the right of witnesses to speak
freely.
Do you have
any problems with your boss?
This question prompts the person to
question their employment relationship. In a subtle way it raises the prospect
that there are problems.
Tell me
about your relationship with your boss.
This question does not seek any
judgment and there is less implication that there might be something wrong with
the relationship.
http://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/grammar-lesson-wh-questions.php
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/grammar/qu_tags.htm
http://www.gettoknowu.com/LifeLessons/hypothetical_questions_03.php
https://www.usingenglish.com/
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